Monitoring Manajemen Beban Energi Rumah Tangga berbasis Hybrid Operation

Abstract

This study aims to implement and analyze the performance of a Household Energy Load Management prototype using ESP32 and Arduino Nano for both online and offline operations. The research background is based on the increasing demand for household energy management systems that can operate flexibly, efficiently, and reliably during internet connectivity disruptions. The system was designed using a dual-microcontroller concept, where the ESP32 functions as an Internet of Things (IoT)-based controller for online communication, while the Arduino Nano serves as a local controller in offline mode. The prototype is equipped with an SCT-013 current sensor, relay module, RTC DS3231, UART communication, and the MQTT protocol to support both automatic and manual monitoring and control of household electrical loads. Based on the testing results, the prototype demonstrated satisfactory performance with a system availability of 99.1%, energy efficiency reaching 98.8% in online mode, and an offline system autonomy level of 99.5%. The average system response time was recorded at 0.88 seconds in online mode and 0.62 seconds in offline mode. In addition, the system was capable of achieving energy savings of 18.5%.