Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Total Asset Turnover terhadap Net Profit Margin Pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di BEI 2018–2025

Abstract

This study aims to empirically examine the effects of the Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Total Asset Turnover on the Net Profit Margin—both individually and simultaneously—for food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2018–2025 period. The research employs a quantitative method with a descriptive-verificative approach, utilizing secondary data obtained from annual financial reports officially published on the IDX website. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 12 companies as the study subjects, resulting in a total of 96 observations (12 companies × 8 years). Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression—following a series of classical assumption tests—and was followed by hypothesis testing via the t-test (to assess partial effects) and the F-test (to assess simultaneous effects). The findings indicate that the Current Ratio has a positive and significant effect on the Net Profit Margin, as does the Debt to Equity Ratio; conversely, Total Asset Turnover shows a negative and significant effect. Collectively, the three independent variables were found to have a significant impact on the Net Profit Margin, contributing 32.6 percent to the outcome.